What risk is associated with flying immediately after recreational diving?

Flying immediately after recreational diving carries a significant risk of decompression sickness. This condition occurs when the body absorbs nitrogen while diving at greater depths under pressure. Upon ascending and returning to surface pressure, nitrogen bubbles can form in the bloodstream and tissues if a diver ascends too quickly or does not allow sufficient time for the nitrogen to be safely eliminated.

When transitioning to flying, the decrease in cabin pressure can exacerbate this risk. At cruising altitude, the lower pressure can cause any nitrogen bubbles to expand, potentially leading to symptoms such as joint pain, dizziness, or, in severe cases, neurological impairment. It is essential for divers to follow recommended surface intervals before flying—commonly between 12 to 24 hours—depending on the depth and duration of the dive—to safeguard against the development of decompression sickness.